Students-Centered Learning and Teacher-Centered Learning

SCL (Students Centered Learning) is the result of the transitional transformation of strength in the learning process, from the strength of lecturers as experts to the strength of students as learners. This change occurs after many hopes to modify the learning atmosphere that causes students to be passive, bored and resistant.

Student Center Learning (SCL) that means that a student must be more active in learning activities, and the teacher serves as a facilitator in learning activities.

Student-centered learning (SCL) is a learning approach that places students at the center of learning activities. In SCL students have and utilize opportunities and / or flexibility to develop all their capacities and abilities (prior knowledge and experience) as lifelong learners, through various activities. Student Centered Learning (SCL) is a student-centered learning system in a way, the teacher gives a problem that is in accordance with the material and then the students are assigned to solve the problem with the help of tips from the teacher and the references available.

The SCL system was originally used by developed countries to make students creative so that they no longer depend on existing problem solving and students can finally find new and better ways of solving problems such as finding new formulas, expressing a statement of facts about a study and various other things that will make the world of science grow rapidly. This SCL system no longer makes the teacher as the center of the information provider, but students must find information about the material they are studying themselves so students must be active in finding information by often reading books in the library often practice working on questions and play an active role in the discussion about science. So, this system is a very extraordinary system and really will create students who have the potential to become scientists "if the application is done correctly".

From these various definitions it can be understood that the Student Centered Learning (SCL) approach is a learning model that places students as the center of the learning process. This learning model differs from the Instructor-Centered Learning, learning model which emphasizes the transfer of knowledge from teacher to student who is relatively passive.

In applying the Student-Centered Leaning concept, students are expected to be active and independent participants in the learning process, who are responsible and initiative to recognize their learning needs, find information sources to be able to answer their needs build and present their knowledge based on needs and resources he found. Within certain limits students can choose what they will learn.

The purpose of Students-Centered Learning is:

1.    Improve the quality of learning

2.    Develop students' potential optimally

3.    Creating knowledge images that are meaningful and interconnected, enhance and stimulate students' curiosity about a knowledge.

From the above objectives, our role as educators / teachers is required to be active, creative and innovative.

Discussion is one of the elements of active learning and is part of many other SCL learning models, such as Cooperative Learning, Collaborative Learning, Problem Based Learning. In the classroom, we can ask students to make small groups (for example 5 - 10 people) to discuss materials that can be given by the lecturers or materials obtained by members of the group themselves.

This method can be used when exploring ideas, summarizing important points, accessing the level of skill and knowledge of students, reviewing topics in the previous class, comparing theories, issues and interpretations, can also solve problems.

The benefits of implementing Students Centered Learning are:

1.    Improve student achievement and ability in Horticulture Basics.

2.    Increasing the role of lecturers and students in the learning process.

3.    Improve the skills of students in independent learning in order to learn other things further independently so that students become lifelong learners.

4.    Improve student soft skills, which include:

Willingness to work hard, not just passive in learning, Ability to work independently, because the role of the teacher is only as a tutor, students are required to learn independently based on the direction given, Ability to work in teams, because teamwork strongly determines the final value of each group member, Ability to work in pressure, analytical thinking ability, in practicum students will make important analyzes in building a company, students' ability to discuss logically and responsibly (formulating quality questions about a subject, answering questions using various methods, expressing opinions and arguing logical, honesty in assessing the answers to one's own questions and friend's questions, the ability to accept and manage dissent), the ability to communicate both orally and in writing.

In the student-centered learning process, students have the opportunity and facilities to build their own knowledge so that they will gain deep learning, and ultimately can improve the quality and creativity of students.

In the Teacher Centered Learning model learning system, teachers do more teaching and learning activities in the form of lecturing. When attending lectures or listening to lectures, students are limited to understanding while making notes, for those who feel they need it. Teachers become the center of roles in achieving learning outcomes and as if they are the only source of knowledge. This model means providing one-way information because what you want to achieve is how teachers can teach well so that there is only knowledge transfer.

Teacher center approach where the teacher-centered learning process will only make the teacher more intelligent but students only have experience hearing the presentation. The output produced by a learning approach such as this does not only produce students who are less able to appreciate science, fear of opinion, do not dare to try which ultimately tends to be passive and poor creativity.

Teacher centered learning approaches where the learning process is more teacher-centered will only make the teacher more intelligent but students only have experience hearing exposure. Output produced by a learning approach like this does not only produce students who are less able to appreciate science, fear of opinion, do not dare to try which ultimately tends to be passive and poor creativity.

So far the learning models that are teacher centered are seen in the learning model, command learning model or banking concept. The bank's command or style model of learning is widely applied around the 1960s which developed the principle of distribution of decisions must be done hierarchically from top to bottom or from teacher to student.

From the explanation above we can conclude that teacher center learning is a learning process that complies with the teacher, meaning that the teacher determines the learning process because the teacher is the only source of knowledge. So this learning model makes students become passive in the learning process.

 

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